The organic molecules that make up life on Earth are more than just the 2D structures we’ve been drawing so far. Molecules have 3D shapes that help us understand what they can do. In this episode of Crash Course Organic Chemistry, we’ll learn how orbital hybridization and valence bond theory can help us explain 3D molecular structures and about constitutional and geometric isomers.

Episode Sources:
Discovery of DNA Double Helix: Watson and Crick | Learn Science at Scitable
Citation: Pray, L. (2008) Discovery of DNA structure and function: Watson and Crick. Nature Education 1(1):100
https://www.nature.com/scitable/topic...
Nature 1953.
Watson J.D., Crick F.H. A structure for deoxyribose nucleic acid. Nature 1953;171:737–738.
Harding, S. E., Channell, G., & PhillipsJones, M. K. (2018). The discovery of hydrogen bonds in DNA and a reevaluation of the 1948 Creeth twochain model for its structure. Biochemical Society transactions, 46(5), 1171–1182. doi:10.1042/BST20180158

Series Sources:
Brown, W. H., Iverson, B. L., Ansyln, E. V., Foote, C., Organic Chemistry; 8th ed.; Cengage Learning, Boston, 2018.
Bruice, P. Y., Organic Chemistry, 7th ed.; Pearson Education, Inc., United States, 2014.
Clayden, J., Greeves, N., Warren., S., Organic Chemistry, 2nd ed.; Oxford University Press, New York, 2012.
Jones Jr., M.; Fleming, S. A., Organic Chemistry, 5th ed.; W. W. Norton & Company, New York, 2014.
Klein., D., Organic Chemistry; 1st ed.; John Wiley & Sons, United States, 2012.
Louden M., Organic Chemistry; 5th ed.; Roberts and Company Publishers, Colorado, 2009.
McMurry, J., Organic Chemistry, 9th ed.; Cengage Learning, Boston, 2016.
Smith, J. G., Organic chemistry; 6th ed.; McGrawHill Education, New York, 2020.
Wade., L. G., Organic Chemistry; 8th ed.; Pearson Education, Inc., United States, 2013.

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