Dementia is challenging to clinically diagnose with a wrong diagnosis given to 30% of persons presenting with cognitive complaints. Amyloid PET brain imaging is a valuable diagnostic tool for preclinical intervention, improved subject selection for therapeutic trials and measuring the effectiveness of antiamyloid agents. In Part 1 of this twopart series, Professor Chris Rowe, Director of the Australian Dementia Network, explains the guidelines and appropriate use of amyloid PET, how to read scans and how to accurately assess and interpret results.