Pain destroys one’s world, and, in that silence, torturers impose the myth of the state’s legitimacy. | Sign up for Nebula: https://go.nebula.tv/jacobgeller / Buy a Nebula Gift Card: http://gift.nebula.tv/jacobgeller

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SPECIAL THANKS:
Cameron Kunzelman for additional voices: https://x.com/ckunzelman
Alex Adams for additional background information
Hat Man and Nebula Studios for graphs and motion graphics
AFGuidesHD for allowing me to use their gameplay footage:    / @afguideshd  
Iavor Todorov for additional background information

SOURCES:
Torture and Democracy by Darius Rejali
How to Justify Torture: Inside the Ticking Bomb Scenario by Alex Adams
Anatomy of Torture by Ron Hassner
Justice: What’s the Right Thing to Do? by Michael Sandel
Serial Season 4 – Guantánamo: https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2...
U.N. Convention against Torture: https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments...
Senate Intelligence Committee report on CIA torture: https://www.intelligence.senate.gov/s...
Wait, There’s Torture in Zootopia? by Casey Delehanty and Erin Kearns: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journa...
Guantánamo by the Numbers– ACLU: https://www.aclu.org/issues/national...
Report on Guantanamo Detainees: A Profile of 517 Detainees Through Analysis of Department of Defense Data by Mark Denbeaux, Joshua Benbeaux, and John Gregorek: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.c...
Personal Responsibility Under Dictatorship by Hannah Arendt: https://themontrealreview.com/Article...
History of Guantanamo Bay– CBC News– The National:    • History of Guantanamo Bay  
Every Torture Scene in Call of Duty– MrSp3ctre:    • Every Torture Scene in Call of Duty  
Policing in Japan: A Study on Making Crime by Setsuo Miyazawa

Media shown: Call of Duty: 2, 3, 4: Modern Warfare, World at War, Modern Warfare 2, Black Ops, Modern Warfare 3, Black Ops II, Ghosts, Advanced Warfare, Black Ops III, Infinite Warfare, WWII, Black Ops 4, Modern Warfare (2019), Cold War, Vanguard, Modern Warfare II (2022), Modern Warfare III (2023), Black Ops 6

Music Used (Chronologically): Multiplayer Menu Theme (Infinite Warfare), Multiplayer Menu Theme (Black Ops), Downtown Sniper Soviet Tension (Call of Duty 2), Third District (Katana Zero), Captain Toad Goes Forth (Super Mario 3D World), Polina’s Vengeance (Vanguard), Multiplayer Menu Theme (Modern Warfare 2), Multiplayer Menu Theme (Ghosts), Pripyat (Call of Duty 4), Furnace (Control), Olympus Mons (Infinite Warfare), Embassy (Modern Warfare), Afterlife (Infinite Warfare), Collateral (Modern Warfare), Smooth Talking (Nocturnal Spirits)

Additional music and sound effects from Epidemic Sound

Thumbnail and Graphic Design by   / hotcyder  
Description credit: “Torture and Democracy” by Darius Rejali