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Anatomy of Brachial Artery Branches and Relations USMLE , FMGE and Neet PG

As a continuation of the axillary artery, Brachial artery begins at the inferior border of the teres major muscle and it ends at the level of the neck of the radius about 1cm distal to the elbow joint. At this point, it divides into the ulnar and radial arteries. The brachial artery runs medial to the humerus proximally, before moving more anteriorly to lie between the epicondyles of the humerus.

Branches

The brachial artery forms 8 branches including the:

Deep brachial artery (Arteria profunda brachii)
Profunda brachii artery
Nutrient artery of the humerus
Superior ulnar collateral artery
Middle ulnar collateral artery
Inferior ulnar collateral (supratrochlear) artery
Deltoid (ascending) artery
Radial artery
Ulnar artery

Note : The profunda brachii artery is a large posteromedial branch of the brachial artery

The brachial pulse can be felt medial to the biceps brachii muscle by applying pressure to the medial edge of the humerus. More proximally, it can be felt in the depression posterior to the coracobrachialis muscle. More distally, it can be felt medially to the biceps brachii tendon. As the brachial artery runs deep to the bicipital aponeurosis, its pulsation cannot be felt beyond this point.

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