Dr. Ebraheim’s educational animated video describes the muscle and nerve anatomy of the lower leg.
There are fourteen muscles within the lower leg.
5 extensors in the anterior compartment: these muscles are anterior to the tibia, fibula and the interosseous membrane.
1Tibialis anterior
2Extensor hallucis longus
3Extensor digitorum longus
4Peroneus tertiurs muscle
5Extensor digirotum brevis muscle
The extensor muscle group is present within the anterior muscle compartment of the leg. The anterior compartment is usually involved with compartment syndrome.
These five muscles are supplied by the deep peroneal nerve.
2 peroneal muscles in the lateral compartment
1Peroneus brevis
2Peroneus longus
The peroneal muscles are situated on the outer side of the lower leg and their tendons attach to the foot. Near the ankle the peroneus brevis is closer to the fibula. There are two peroneal retinacula which hold the two peroneal tendons at the ankle. The superior retinacula is the important one.
Innervation of the peroneal tendons: superficial peroneal nerve.
7 flexors in the posterior compartment
1Gastrocnemius
2Soleus
3Plantaris
4Popliteus
5Tibialis posterior: inverter of the foot.
6Flexor digitorum longus
7Flexor hallucis longus
The muscles of the posterior compartment syndrome of the leg are all supplied by the tibial nerve.
Medial muscles and nerves
Think “ Tom, Dick & nervous Harry” to remember the: Tibialis posterior, Flexor Digitorum longus & Flexor Halluics longus.

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