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Anatomy of the Stomach

Site
• Location: Left upper quadrant of the abdomen
• Vertically extends from the level of the 7th left costal cartilage to the 3rd lumbar vertebra

Shape
• Jshaped muscular organ
• Composed of a body and a pyloric part

Parts
• Cardia: Surrounds the opening where the esophagus joins the stomach
• Fundus: Rounded portion left of the cardia
• Body: Main central region, largest portion
• Antrum: Lower portion, connects to the pyloric canal
• Pylorus: Distal section, connects to the duodenum

Borders
• Lesser Curvature: Shorter concave border on the right
• Greater Curvature: Longer convex border on the left

Surfaces
• Anterior Surface: Related to the left lobe of the liver, diaphragm, and anterior abdominal wall
• Posterior Surface: Related to the pancreas, spleen, left kidney, and adrenal gland

Peritoneal Relations
• Intraperitoneal Organ: Completely covered by visceral peritoneum
• Lesser Omentum: Extends from the lesser curvature to the liver
• Greater Omentum: Extends from the greater curvature, covering the intestines

Visceral Relations
• Liver: Positioned superiorly, related to the anterior surface
• Spleen: Positioned laterally to the left
• Pancreas: Located posterior to the stomach
• Duodenum: Connects to the pylorus, commencing the small intestine

Blood Supply
• Arterial Supply: Mainly from the branches of the celiac trunk, including the left gastric artery, splenic artery, and common hepatic artery
• Venous Drainage: Corresponding veins drain into the portal vein

Innervation
• Parasympathetic innervation from the vagus nerve
• Sympathetic innervation from the celiac plexus

Histology
• Lined by simple columnar epithelium
• Contains gastric pits leading to gastric glands that secrete digestive enzymes and acid

Clinical Relevance
• Understanding the anatomy aids in diagnosing gastric disorders like ulcers, gastritis, and tumors
• Surgical interventions like gastrectomy require detailed knowledge of anatomy and relations

Don't Miss Out:
Enhance your anatomical knowledge by watching this enlightening video on the anatomy of the stomach. Unlock the secrets of this essential organ's structure and function, and gain a new appreciation for the complexities of the human body.

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