At this time we'll learn about elemental 6 electronic part.

Table of Contents
0:00 Resistor
2:04 Capacitor
3:58 Inductor
5:25 Diode
8:15 Transistor
10:14 FET

Introduction
Hardware engineer
9 years experience as a Maker

SNS
Web : https://startelectronics.com/
Twitter :   / buonoatsushi  

#Electronics

Content
Next, we will focus on six very basic electronic components to explain their principles and construction.
First, we will discuss the most basic of all electronic components, the resistor. The main role of a resistor is to "limit the flow of electricity," and by limiting the flow, the advantages listed here are created.
This diagram illustrates the role of resistance in a model. In the model, resistance can be represented by an obstacle that interferes with the flow of electrons; A represents the case where there is no resistance, and we can see that without resistance, a large amount of electrons flow from the power supply, the source of the electrons. This can result in damage to connected electronic components and wiring. Also, the power supply cannot send an unlimited number of electrons, so there is a risk of damaging the power supply due to excessive flow. This is where a resistor, as shown in B, is used, which is an obstacle. Placing an obstacle interrupts the flow of electrons and allows them to flow little by little. As a result, it can protect electronic components, copper wires, and the power supply.　Also, there is a limit to the amount of electrons that can be supplied by a power supply. Therefore, if a circuit has multiple routes, it is necessary to distribute electrons appropriately to each route. In this case, resistors can be used to adjust the amount of electrons, making distribution easier.　(Note that the size of the resistance corresponds to the size of the obstacle.
Next, here is a photo of a partially opened resistor package and an image of its cross section. The structure is simple: the body is made of ceramic, and the surrounding area is covered with a carbon film. Since ceramic is an insulator, electricity does not flow through it, but instead flows through the carbon film on the surface. The carbon film is not as conductive as metal, but it does conduct electricity easily.　The carbon film has slits in it, which act as obstacles by narrowing the width of the carbon film. On the outside of the coating is a protective coating and further outside of that is a colorful line called a color code. Each color code has a meaning assigned to it, and you can read the magnitude of its resistance just by looking at this code.
Next is the capacitor. Capacitors are the second most commonly used electronic component after resistors. They are mainly used "where you want to reduce voltage fluctuations.　The role of a capacitor is to "temporarily store electricity like a bucket. By storing electricity, it can be used for the following things. The amount of current required to operate electronic components such as integrated circuits (ICs) is not always constant, but can fluctuate depending on their condition. At such times, if the current is supplied from a distant power source, the supply of electrons may not arrive in time, resulting in malfunctioning. At such times, if there is a capacitor nearby, as shown in this figure, electrons temporarily stored in it will flow out and replenish the missing parts of the electronic components. This allows the electronic components to operate stably.　
　Electronic circuits are also exposed to various types of noise, such as static electricity and electromagnetic waves. When noise gets into a circuit, the voltage fluctuates rapidly, and there is a risk of reading an incorrect voltage value or destroying electronic components.　At such times, a capacitor can reduce the amount of voltage fluctuation by storing a temporary increase in electrons like a bucket. This figure shows a picture of an open capacitor package and illustrates its construction. As shown here, the capacitor has a layer of insulator between the positive and negative electrodes, each wrapped around in a thin film.　This figure shows how a voltage is applied to the capacitor. In a capacitor, the positive and negative electrodes are placed between the insulators. This insulator does not conduct electricity, but because it is made very thin, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are attracted to each other and held together. As a result, unless some energy is applied from the outside, these pluses and minuses stay together and can be stored like a bucket.