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In biochemistry and metabolism, betaoxidation is the catabolic process by which fatty acid molecules are broken down[1] in the cytosol in prokaryotes and in the mitochondria in eukaryotes to generate acetylCoA, which enters the citric acid cycle, and NADH and FADH2, which are coenzymes used in the electron transport chain. It is named as such because the beta carbon of the fatty acid undergoes oxidation to a carbonyl group. Betaoxidation is primarily facilitated by the mitochondrial trifunctional protein, an enzyme complex associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane, although some fatty acids are oxidized in peroxisomes.

Fatty acid catabolism consists of:

Activation and membrane transport of free fatty acids by binding to coenzyme A.
Oxidation of the beta carbon to a carbonyl group.
Cleavage of twocarbon segments resulting in acetylCoA.
Oxidation of acetylCoA to carbon dioxide in the citric acid cycle.
Electron transfer from electron carriers to the electron transport chain in oxidative phosphorylation.

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