Calcium carbonate minerals buffer the ocean's pH, provide protection to animals with CaCO3 skeletons or shells, provide homes to organisms that live in coral reefs, and thus, play a major role in controlling the global biogeochemical cycles and marine ecosystem health. Calcium carbonate minerals come in many forms (calcite, aragonite, dolomite, etc), and the formation and dissolution of these minerals can greatly affect the stability of marine ecosystems. So, what are the differences between these CaCO3 minerals? What makes calcium carbonate minerals form? What makes calcium carbonate minerals dissolve? Why does aragonite dissolve in shallower waters than calcite? How does the ratio of Mg to Ca ions in seawater control the type of calcium carbonate minerals that forms? Why is aragonite formation favored over calcite in the modern ocean? How does the current increase in CO2 causes calcium carbonate to dissolve? All of these questions will be answered in today's video! ;) Check out the rest of the Carbonate Petrology playlist here (more to come):    • Carbonate Petrology  

References:
1. Carbonate Petrology textbook by James & Jones: https://amzn.to/40yuYT6
2. Aragonite Seas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aragoni...
3. Stanley et al., 2005: http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G21405.1
4. Sandberg, 1983: https://doi.org/10.1038%2F305019a0

GEO GIRL Website: https://www.geogirlscience.com/ (visit my website to see all my courses, shop merch, learn more about me, & donate to support the channel if you'd like!)

0:00 Video Outline
0:38 Carbonate (CO3) Minerals
2:17 Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) Morphologies
2:47 CaCO3 Formation & Dissolution
3:48 How CO2 Affects CaCO3
4:25 How T & P Affect CaCO3
5:56 Carbonate Compensation Depth
6:33 Biological CaCO3 Formation
7:53 CaCO3 Mineral Varieties
8:59 Why CaCO3 Has Various Structures
9:59 Mg Substitution in CaCO3
11:38 Calcite vs Aragonite Seas
13:02 Modern Aragonite Sea
13:28 Some Organisms Don’t Follow The Rule
16:03 Mg Effect on Solubility
17:04 Playlist Plan

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