Cardiac myocyte (heart muscle cell) action potential phases and physiology made easy with this animation.

Learn the difference between action potentials of nonpacemaker contractile muscle cells of the heart such as the atrial and ventricular myocytes, and the pacemaker cells of the heart such as those of the SA node, AV node, bundle of His, right and left bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers in this simple animation.

The nonpacemaker contractile myocytes such as the atrial and ventricular muscle cells depolarize, contract, and repolarize using sodium ion channels, calcium ion channels, and potassium ion channels to generate an action potential which will lead to cardiac contraction and systole.

The pacemaker cells within the SA node, AV node, bundle of His, right and left bundle branches, and the Purkinje fibers of the conduction system depolarize and repolarize using calcium ion channels and potassium ion channels to generate an action potential which will lead to cardiac conduction.

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