The word "Moussaka" itself has Arabic origins, derived from the word "musaqqa'a," which means "chilled." Early versions of this dish were made with layered vegetables and sometimes meat, then baked and served at room temperature. The concept of layering and baking vegetables eventually spread to other parts of the Mediterranean, including Greece.

Greek Moussaka, as we know it today, is said to have been adapted and popularized by the Greek population during the Ottoman era. This widely known Greek version was created by the Frenchtrained Greek chef Nikolaos Tselementes in the 1920s.

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Traditional Greek Moussaka
Ingredients:
• 3 large eggplants, thinly sliced
• 3 medium potatoes, peeled and sliced
• 1 zucchini, thinly sliced (optional)
• 500 ml olive oil for frying
Ground beef:
• 500 g ground beef or lamb, medium fat
• 500 g grated tomatoes or tomato puree
• 1 onion, chopped
• 1 clove of garlic, minced
• 2 tbsp, tomato paste
• 1/2 tsp ground cinnamon
• 1 tsp ground allspice
• 1 tsp black pepper
• 2 tsp thyme (dried or fresh chopped)
• 1 bay leaf
• 1.5 tsp salt
• 1 tbsp olive oil
• 1 cup chopped parsley (optional)
• 1/2 cup beef stock or water (optional, depending on the juice of tomatoes)
Mornay (Greek Bechamel with egg yolks):
• 100 g olive oil
• 100 g flour
• 1 liter full fat warm milk
• 1 tsp black pepper
• 1 tsp grated nutmeg
• 2 egg yolks
• 150 g graviera or kefalograviera cheese, grated (alt: gruyere, myzithra, parmesan or pecorino)
• 1 tsp salt


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