In this video we discuss a clinical approach to hypoxemia, or low oxygen levels in the blood, that requires just an arterial blood gas and chest xray!

It starts with the Aa Gradient. We discussed the Aa Gradient here!
AlveolarArterial (Aa) Gradient Explained Definitions, Equations, Physiology, Implementation, More
   • AlveolarArterial (Aa) Gradient Expla...  

Low Aa Gradient with a high carbon dioxide level (PaCO2 from your ABG!) suggests hypoventilation, such as COPD, OHS, opioid overdose, and etc. Low Aa Gradient with a normal pCO2 suggests things like high altitude.

High Aa Gradient is then divided into vascular and alveolar pathologies. Chest Xray negative makes vascular pathologies more likely. This is then divided into oxygen responsive and oxygen nonresponsive. Oxygen responsive conditions include things like pulmonary embolism, whereas oxygen nonresponsive conditions tend to be shunts, such as cardiac or pulmonary shunting.

High Aa Gradient with chest xray findings suggests alveolar pathologies. This is then divided into filled, collapsed, or loss. Filled suggests conditions like pulmonary edema, pneumonia, bleeding, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and more. Loss implies conditions like COPD. Collapsed may be mucous plugging, pneumothorax, and more!

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DISCLAIMER THIS VIDEO DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. The information, including but not limited to, text, graphics, images and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. No material on this site is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read, watched, or listened to on this video, or any other videos, reports, texts tweets or other sources.

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