The problem of induction, as formulated by David Hume, addresses one of the most significant questions in epistemology: what can science truly know?
If you've ever delved into empirical research methods, you've likely encountered the terms induction and deduction.
While a Grounded Theory approach follows an inductive logic, an experiment relies on deductive logic. Is one better than the other? How are both connected, and why are scientific results never definitive?
The answers to all these questions are tied to Hume's problem of induction. In this video, you'll learn everything you need to know to hold your own in a discussion with a ninthsemester philosophy student.
Additionally, this knowledge will help you better understand and critique scientific methods. It's definitely worth sticking around.
Lee, A. S., & Baskerville, R. L. (2003). Generalizing generalizability in information systems research. Information systems research, 14(3), 221243.
Lee, A. S., & Baskerville, R. L. (2012). Conceptualizing generalizability: New contributions and a reply. MIS quarterly, 749761.
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00:00 Intro
00:56 #1 What is Inductive Reasoning?
01:41 #2 What is Hume's Problem of Induction?
02:33 #3 An Example of an Inductive Inference
04:06 #4 The Uniformity of Nature
05:11 #5 Is Deduction the Solution to the Problem of Induction?
06:16 #6 Why We Should Sometimes Trust Induction
07:29 #7 What This Means for Today's Science
In science, inductive reasoning involves deriving a general theory from the observation of a specific phenomenon.
For instance, consider an interview study where 30 interviews are conducted. The data collected is analyzed using Grounded Theory, leading to a new theory.
Induction isn’t limited to qualitative research. Any type of research that draws conclusions about a theory or natural law from observations employs induction.
This could be a statistical evaluation, where conclusions about the entire population are drawn from a sample, or it could be a physicist making repeated measurements from which she derives a natural law.
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