Content
Introduction 0:00
Division of the Back Muscles 0:08
Division of the Deep back Muscles 0:34
Suboccipital Muscles 2:38
System of Short Muscles 3:42
Transversospinal System 4:37
Spinospinal System 7:21
Spinotransverse System 8:09
Summarize 10:18


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Deep Muscles of the Back
3rd Layer
1. Suboccipital Muscles
2. System of Short Muscles
2nd Layer
3. Transversospinal System
1st Layer
(Superficial)
4. Spinospinal System
5. Spinotransverse System

1. Suboccipital Muscles
System of deep muscles of the neck

Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor
musculus rectus capitis posterior minor
O: Posterior Tubercle of Atlas (C1)
I: Occipital Bone below inferior nuchal line

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
musculus rectus capitis posterior major
O: Spinous Process of Axis (C2)
I: Occipital Bone inferior nuchal line

Obliquus Capitis Superior
musculus obliquus capitis superior
O: Transverse process of Atlas (C1)
I: Occipital Bone inferior nuchal line

Obliquus Capitis Inferior
musculus obliquus capitis inferior
O: Spinous Process of Axis (C2)
I: Transverse Process of Atlas (C1)

2. System of Short Muscles
System of short muscles connecting
adjacent vertebrae

Interspinales
musculi interspinales
Mostly Developed in Cervical and Lumbar region
Mostly Developed in Cervical and Lumbar region
O: Spinous Process of vertebra below
I: Spinous Process of vertebra above

Intertransversarii
musculi intertransversales
Mostly Developed in Cervical region
Between transverse processes
O: Transverse Process of vertebra below
I: Transverse Process of vertebra above

3. Transversospinal System
Transverse process of lower vertebra to
spinous process of upper vertebra

Rotatores
musculi rotatores
Deep muscles located in thoracic vertebra
Long Rotatores
musculi rotatores longi
○ O: Transverse process of vertebra below
○ I: Spinous Process of 2 vertebra above
Short Rotatores
musculi rotatores breves
Considered a part of the 3rd layer
○ O: Transverse process of vertebra below
○ I: Spinous Process of 1 vertebra above

Multifidi
musculi multifidi
Fills the space lateral to spinous process
More distinctive at the lumbar region
Short Multifidi
musculi multifidi breves
○ O: Transverse Process of vertebra below
○ I: Spinous Process of 2 vertebra above
Long Multifidi
musculi multifidi longus
○ O: Transverse Process of vertebra below
○ I: Spinous Process of 3 vertebra above

Semispinalis
musculi semispinales
3 Parts
Semispinalis Thoracis
musculi semispinalis thocis
○ O: Transverse Process of T6T11
○ I: Spinous Process of C6T4
Semispinalis Cervicis
musculi semispinalis cervicis
○ O: Transverse Process of T1T6
○ I: Spinous Process of C2C5
Semispinalis Capitis
musculi semispinalis capitis
○ O: Transverse Process of C4T6
○ I: Occipital Bone – Between inferior and
superior nuchal line

4. Spinospinal System
From the spinous process of lower vertebra to
spinous process of upper vertebra

Spinalis
musculus spinalis
2 Parts
Spinalis Cervicis
musculus spinalis cervicis
○ O: Spinous Process of C6T2
○ I: Spinous Process of C2C4
Spinalis Thoracis
musculi semispinalis thoracis
○ O: Spinous Process of T10L3
○ I: Spinous Process of T1T8

5. Spinotransverse System
From the spinous process of lower vertebra to
transverse process of upper vertebra

Longissimus
musculus longissimus
3 Parts
Longissimus Thoracis
musculus longissimus thoracis
○ O:
Dorsal Surfac of Sarum
Iliac Crest
Spinous process of T11L5
○ I: Transverse Process of T1T12
2nd/3rd 12th Rib
Longissimus Cervicis
musculus longissimus cervicis
○ O: Transverse Process of T1T6
○ I: Transverse Process of C2C5
Longissimus Capitis
musculus longissimus capitis
○ O: Transverse Process of C4T4
○ I: Mastoid Process

Splenius
musculus splenius
2 Parts
Splenius Capitis
musculus splenius capitis
○ O: Spinous Process of C3T3 + Nuchal Ligament
○ I: mastoid Process
Splenius Cervicis
musculus longissimus capitis
○ O: Spinous Process of T3T6
○ I: Transverse Process of C1C2

Ileocostal
musculus ileocostalis
Ileocostalis lumborum
musculus iliocostalis lumborum
○ O: Thoracolumbar fascia, Iliac crest, dorsal sacrum
○ I: 6 lower ribs
Ileocostalis thoracis
musculus iliocostalis thoracis
○ O: 6 lower ribs
○ I: 6 upper ribs
Ileocostalis cervicis
musculus iliocostalis cervicis
○ O: 6 upper ribs
○ I: Transverse Process of C4C6