The Early Cenozoic Era, in the Paleogene period, was characterized by whales learning to swim after evolving from carivorous land mammals, huge sharks including Carcharadon megalodon, corals diversifying and taking over reef building, sand dollars and burrowing bivalves moving to shallow shorelines, early penguins & pinnipeds, shrinking forests, spreading grasslands and deserts, ungulate herbivorous grazers who diversified along with the grasses, and of course many other mammal groups as the Cenozoic is nicknamed the "Age of Mammals". These mammal groups that evolved in the Paleogene include bats, primates, even toed ungulates, odd toed ungulates, uranotheria, rodents, & large carnivores land predators like a 6 foot tall doghyena hybrid called Andrewsarcus and the first sabertooth cats. Lastly, the birds whether flightless or flying were huge! One called diatrymas carried out the dinosaurs legacy as a huge flightless land predator, but thankfully those went extinct in the Eocene. ;)
References: Earth System History: https://amzn.to/3v1Iy0G
GEO GIRL Website: https://www.geogirlscience.com/ (visit my website to see all my courses, shop merch, learn more about me, and donate to support the channel if you'd like!)
Studying for an exam? Schedule Tutoring with me: https://GEOGIRLTutoring.as.me/
Hey there, Earth enthusiast! Check my favorite Earthfriendly products:
Bamboo toilet paper: https://shrsl.com/3cvku
Bamboo paper towels: https://shrsl.com/3cvkw
Compostable tableware: https://shrsl.com/3cvkz
Compostable trash bags: https://shrsl.com/3cvl0
Bamboo cutlery + straw! : https://shrsl.com/3cwfl
EcoFriendly Tote (great for grocery shopping!): https://shrsl.com/3cwfp
Reusable straws + cleaning brushes (my fav!): https://shrsl.com/3cwft
Ecofriendly laundry detergent: https://shrsl.com/3cwgo
Directly offset your carbon footprint with Wren: https://shrsl.com/3d0t2
(Just click link, press get started, take the free C footprint quiz, then choose how much you want to reduce your footprint by donating to the C sequestration projects they're funding!)
Nontextbook books I recommend:
Oxygen by D. Canfield: https://amzn.to/3gffbCL
Brief history of Earth by A. Knoll: https://amzn.to/3w3hC1I
Life on young planet by A. Knoll: https://amzn.to/2RBMpny
Some assembly required by N. Shubin: https://amzn.to/3w1Ezm2
Your inner fish by N. Shubin: https://amzn.to/3cpw3Wb
Oxygen by N. Lane: https://amzn.to/3z4FgwZ
Alien Oceans by K. Hand: https://amzn.to/3clMx1l
Life's Engines: https://amzn.to/3w1Nhke
Tools I use as a geologist/teacher/student:
Geology field notebook: https://amzn.to/3lb6dJf
Geology rock hammer: https://amzn.to/3DZw8MA
Geological compass: https://amzn.to/3hfbdLu
Geological hand lens: https://amzn.to/3jXysM5
Camera: https://amzn.to/3l6fGRT
Carbonneutral pencil bag: https://shrsl.com/3cvjv
Carbonneutral backpack: https://shrsl.com/3cvkc
0:00 Major events in the Paleogene
2:06 Coral reefs after KPg extinction
3:39 Whales used to walk?
4:55 Megalodon sharks are real?
5:30 Sand dollars took over beaches
6:14 Penguins & Pinnipeds evolved
6:51 Climate change diminished forests
7:49 Grasses changed Earth forever!
8:58 Why Cenozoic is Age of Mammals
10:50 Bats evolved
12:02 Primates evolved
12:56 Ungulates evolved
14:16 Ungulates horses became modernized
15:02 Ungulates rhinos were largest land mammals
15:49 Rodents evolved
16:51 Carnivorous mammals evolved
18:18 All Birds were huge & terrifying
19:59 Related videos & references
Disclaimer: Links included in this description might be affiliate links. If you purchase a product or service with the links that I provide I may receive a small commission, but there is no additional charge to you! Thank you for supporting my channel so I can continue to provide you with free content each week! And as always, let me know your topic suggestions in the comments down below!