Why do rocket engines look the way they do? In this video, I'll be explaining what a convergingdiverging (CD) nozzle is, and how the flow changes as it passes through it.

See the Relevant Videos section below for some more indepth videos on each of the flow states, including examples!

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===== NOTES =====
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► At 11:28, I say "so far, we have subsonic flow throughout the nozzle for all these cases." I meant to say that we have isentropic flow throughout the nozzle for all these cases.

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===== RELEVANT VIDEOS =====
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Pressure Ratio Delineations
https://goo.gl/VQnH1n

Normal Shock in the Nozzle Calculations
   • Calculating Shock Position in CD Nozzle  

Overexpanded Flow Calculations
Coming soon!

Underexpanded Flow Calculations
Coming soon!

AreaMach Number Relation
https://goo.gl/j4FwQX

Sonic State (Critical, Star)
https://goo.gl/vhjESy

Normal Shock Relations
https://goo.gl/bhw6Ln

Isentropic Relations
https://goo.gl/mkdNHd

Stagnation Relations
https://goo.gl/hBY2AV

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===== RELEVANT BLOG POST =====
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http://www.joshtheengineer.com/2016/1...

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===== REFERENCES =====
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► Notes by Matt MacLean
► Modern Compressible Flow, Anderson
Amazon Link: https://goo.gl/9B7F8H
► Elements of Gasdynamics, Liepmann and Roshko
Amazon Link: https://goo.gl/brfScu
► Gas Dynamics, Zucrow and Hoffman
Amazon Link: https://goo.gl/mwLk8L

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===== THUMBNAIL IMAGE =====
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By NASA (NIX #: MSFC0201422. [1], Alt. URL.) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons