Gallbladder and biliary diseases made easy! Learn cholelithiasis vs cholecystitis vs choledocholithiasis vs cholangitis. Great for nursing and medical students, all healthcare students or workers, and USMLE!

Easily learn gallbladder disease definitions, pronunciation, anatomy, pathophysiology, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.

Cholelithiasis is the formation of gallstones, usually in the gallbladder. Gallstones can occasionally lead to biliary colic or gallbladder attack. Symptoms include gallbladder pain causing right upper quadrant abdominal pain. Diagnosis includes a right upper quadrant ultrasound, and treatment may include gallbladder removal called cholecystectomy.

Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, typically from a gallstone in the cystic duct leading to obstruction. Cholecystitis symptoms include abdominal pain, fevers, nausea and vomiting. Cholecystitis may have a positive Murphy sign. Treatment is usually surgery.

Choledocholithiasis is a gallstone in the common bile duct. Learn the gallbladder and biliary anatomy in this video to see that choledocholithiasis can cause obstruction to both the gallbladder and liver. ERCP or MRCP may be necessary for diagnosis. Choledocholithiasis treatment is usually with ERCP.

Cholangitis is inflammation of the biliary tree, usually from a gallstone in the common bile duct leading to obstruction. May have Charcot triad of fever, right upper quadrant abdominal pain, and jaundice. May also see Reynold's pentad of fever, right upper quadrant abdominal pain, jaundice, hypotension, and altered mental status. Cholangitis diagnosis is with ultrasound, ERCP, or MRCP. Cholangitis treatment includes ERCP, cholecystectomy, and antibiotics.

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