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Gross Anatomy Of The Pancreas: Parts, Relations, Neurovascular supply, Venous and Lymphatic drainage

Parts of the Pancreas
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• Head: Nestled in the curve of the duodenum, the head is the widest part of the pancreas.
• Neck: Thin, connecting region between the head and body.
• Body: Extending horizontally across the abdomen, the body is centrally located.
• Tail: The slimmest portion, ending near the spleen.

Relations of the Pancreas
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• Anteriorly: Stomach and transverse colon.
• Posteriorly: Aorta, inferior vena cava, left kidney and renal vessels.
• Superiorly: Liver and gallbladder.
• Inferiorly: Small intestine and duodenum.

Neurovascular Supply
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• Arterial Supply:

Head: Superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries.
Body and Tail: Splenic artery, which gives off pancreatic branches.

• Venous Drainage:
Corresponding veins draining into the superior mesenteric and splenic veins.

• Nerve Supply:
Parasympathetic fibers from the vagus nerve.
Sympathetic fibers from the celiac and superior mesenteric ganglia.

Lymphatic Drainage
• Lymph from the pancreas drains into pancreaticosplenic nodes and the lymph nodes around the celiac trunk.

Clinical Correlations and Importance
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• Pancreatitis: Inflammation of the pancreas, potentially affecting neighboring organs.
• Pancreatic Cancer: Tumors may compress surrounding structures, leading to various symptoms.
• Pancreatic Insufficiency: Leading to malabsorption and nutritional deficiencies.

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