This is video 13 in an introductory course on epistemology, the philosophy of knowledge. We discuss internalism and externalism, where internalism is defined as the dual claims that (1) knowledge requires justification, and (2) justification depends only on 'internal' factors, that is factors within the subject's awareness/conscious access. Its opposite is externalism. We look at some examples that have been used to argue in favour of either of these views.

Victor Gijsbers teaches philosophy at Leiden University in the Netherlands. You can follow him on mastodon: @[email protected].

This video is part of a lecture series originally recorded for my students during the 2023/2024 spring semester. The entire playlist is here:    • Course in Epistemology