Kepler's Three Law's were groundbreaking in that they accurately described the motion of the planets around the sun. They dispelled the idea that the orbits were not circular but elliptical.
However, it was not until Newton that we understood why Kepler's Laws work.
Kepler's work was not in a vacuum however, and was the culmination of hundreds of years of studying the stars from Aristotle's and Ptolemy's geocentric model to Copernicus' geocentric model and the meticulous measurement of the planets by Tycho Brahe
This video provided an introduction to the scientific history and then proceeds to discuss Kepler's three laws

CHECK OUT THE LESSON ON KEPLER'S LAWS WITH LOTS OF RESOURCES https://www.physicshigh.com/kepler.html

A brief index if you wish to jump straight to the laws
0:00 start
0:43 Ptolemy
2:27 Copernicus
3:55 Tycho Brahe and Kepler
5:38 Kepler's 1st Law
7:15 Kepler's 2nd Law
9:15 Kepler's 3rd Law
12:13 Isaac Newton's explanation
15:25 an example

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