This is a detailed, step by step, description on how to palpate longissimus muscle by Keith Bootsma, RMT.

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Origin:
Thoracis: Sacrum, Iliac Crest and Transverse Processes of L1 – L5
Cervicis: Transverse Processes of T1 – T5
Capitis: Transverse Processes of T1 – T5 and Articular Processes of C5 – C7

Insertion:
Thoracis: TPs of All the Thoracic Vertebrae and the Lower 9 Ribs
(Between Their Tubercles and Angles)
Cervicis: TPs of C2 – C6
Capitis: Mastoid Process of Temporal Bone

Functions:
1 Extension of the Head @ the AtlantoOccipital Joint
2 Extension of the Neck @ the Spinal Joints
3 Extension of the Trunk @ the Spinal Joints
4 Lateral Flexion of the Head @ the AtlantoOccipital Joint
5 Lateral Flexion of the Neck @ the Spinal Joints
6 Lateral Flexion of the Trunk @ the Spinal Joints
7 Anterior Tilt of the Pelvis @ LumboSacral Joint
8 Ipsilateral Rotation of the Head @ the AtlantoAxial Joint
9 Ipsilateral Rotation of the Neck @ the Spinal Joints
10 Ipsilateral Rotation of the Trunk @ the Spinal Joints

Nerve:
Dorsal (Posterior) Rami of the Spinal Nerves at the Corresponding Levels

Activation: Extension, Lateral Flexion, Ipsilateral Rotation of the Trunk, Neck, Head

Lengthening: Flexion, Lateral Flexion (Opposite), Contralateral Rotation of the Trunk, Neck, Head