Dr. Manishika Jain in this video discusses NCERT Class 7 Geography Chapter 7: Human Environment Settlement Transport Communication
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Mainly focusing on
Settlements
Where people build homes
Earlier on trees & caves
Then permanent house
Mainly near rivers, fertile areas, water
Slowly became larger

Types of Settlement
Temporary: Occupied for short period of time – Forests, Deserts, Mountains – Hunting, Gathering, Shifting Cultivation, Transhumance (Seasonal movement of people)
Permanent:

Rural: Compact (Closely Built) or Scattered (Extensive)
Scattered in Hills and Extensive forests
Slanting Roof: Rainy areas
Stilts: Accumulation of Water in Rains
Hot Areas: Thick mud wall with Thatched Roofs
Urban: Towns (Small), Cities (Large)
Transport
Means by which people and goods move
Earlier – Walked and Animals Carried Goods (Donkeys, Mules, Camels & Bullocks; S. America – Llamas; Tibet Yaks)
Later – Invention of Wheel
Roadways
Railways
Airways
Waterways

Roadways
Most common for short distances
Metalled (Pucca)
Unmetalled (Kutcha)
Subways (Underpaths) – Built Underground
Flyovers – Above the Structure
Manali Leh Highway (Amongst world’s highest roadways)
Railways
Over long distances
Cheaper method
Steam Engine – Industrial Revolution
Diesel & Electric Engines
Superfast trains
India rail network is largest in Asia
TransSiberian Railway – Longest in World: From St. Petersburg to Valdivostok
Waterways
Cheapest to carry goods for long distances
Inland waterway – Navigable Rivers (GangaBrahmaputra; Nile) and Lakes (Great Lakes)
Sea Routes: From one country to another
Major Ports: Mumbai, Los Angeles, Singapore, Sydney, Rotterdam
Airways
Fastest means of transport
Expensive – Higher cost of fuels
Affected by fog and storms
For inaccessible areas (helicopters)
In Natural Calamties – To rescue and provide food
Communication
Process of conveying message
Messages by Birds
Postal System
Print Media
Electronic Media – emails, internet
Mass Media: Communicate to large number of people – Newspaper, Radio & TV


Chapters:
0:00 Introduction: NCERT Class 7 Geography Chapter 7: Human Environment Settlement Transport Communication
0:13 Settlements
2:45 Types of Settlement
2:57 Permanent
3:11 Temporary
5:53 Urban
6:11 Rural
7:05 Slanting Roof
7:26 Stilts
7:33 Hot Areas
7:53 Transport
9:29 Roadways
10:13 Railways
11:06 Waterways
12:32 Airways
13:30 Communication

#Industrial #Invention #Accumulation #Scattered #Seasonal #Cultivation #Occupied #Fertile #Earlier #Settlements #Manishika #Examrace


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Dr. Manishika Jain served as visiting professor at Gujarat University. Earlier she was serving in the Planning Department, City of Hillsboro, Hillsboro, Oregon, USA with focus on application of GIS for Downtown Development and Renewal. She completed her fellowship in Communityfocused Urban Development from Colorado State University, Colorado, USA. For more information https://www.examrace.com/AboutExamra...

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