Kana

This refers to a grace note. If for example, you are playing kan of Ni for Sa then the Ni is articulated for very small duration. The grace note is usually adjacent to the main note but does not have to be so. It can also be on either sides of the main note. Intensity of the grace note can vary.


Meend

Meend is a slow slide from one note to the other. Both starting and ending notes are equally articulated and played as if there is a continuum between the two. Meend may or may not involve adjacent notes. If it skips notes (e.g. SG), the notes skipped in between are not significantly articulated but are treated as part of the continuum between the two notes.

In Bansuri, meend is played by slowly shifting fingers from one note to the other. Because of the break between Ma and Pa, it is not possible to play Meend between them or across i.e. Ga to Dha for example with conventional Bansuri. Many Bansuri players have used innovations in grips or extra holes to overcome some of this limitation.


Murki

Murki is fast ornamentation around the main note and may have a number of swaras. It refers to a short, sharp figure of two or three notes so uttered that it occurs within a short span of time, wrapped around the central note. It can be described as quivering notes, including microtones. Murki is used more commonly in lighter forms of music, such as Thumri.


Jamjama

When a series of Murkis are performed in quick succession, they lead to the Jamjama, which is like a spiraling fast pattern.


Khatka

This is similar to both the Murki and the Kana. The Khatka is a faster improvisation of the principal note. The speed of execution gives it a jerky movement.