The Russian Navy's Osaclass missile boats, also known by their NATO reporting name "Osa," are a series of fast attack crafts primarily designed for coastal defense and antiship warfare. The Osaclass has been in service since the early 1960s and has seen export to various countries around the world. Osa means "wasp" in Russian, which aptly captures the vessel's intended operational characteristics: small, agile, and equipped with potent stinging power in the form of antiship missiles.

Technical Specifications:
Length: Approximately 38.6 meters
Beam: 7.6 meters
Draft: Around 2.7 meters
Displacement: 210 tons approximately
Speed: Around 35 knots
Range: 800 nautical miles at 30 knots
Crew: Typically 3035

Armament:
The primary armament of the Osaclass consists of four Styx antiship missiles (or their variants), housed in boxshaped launchers. These missiles are the ship's main "sting" and were among the earliest guided missiles to be deployed on fast attack crafts.

Secondary armaments often include:
AK230 twin 30 mm naval guns or other closein weapon systems (CIWS) for air defense and closerange surface engagement
MANPADS (ManPortable AirDefense Systems) for additional air defense
Light antiaircraft guns
Machine guns

Sensors and Electronics:
Radar systems for surface search and targeting
ESM (Electronic Support Measures) systems
Basic navigation radars

Propulsion:
The Osaclass boats are usually powered by three diesel engines driving three shafts, providing enough power for highspeed maneuvering, which is critical for a craft designed to quickly close in, launch its missiles, and retreat.

Operational Role:
The Osaclass ships are not designed for extended bluewater operations. Their primary mission is to serve in littoral zones, protecting coastlines, and disrupting enemy naval movements in nearshore environments. These boats can operate independently or in groups, and because of their speed and small size, they can take advantage of the geography of littoral zones to evade detection and deliver a powerful punch with their antiship missiles.

Legacy and Export:
The Osaclass has been exported widely and has seen action in various conflicts, demonstrating the potency and risks of small, missilearmed fast attack crafts. Various modernization programs have been undertaken by different countries to update the sensors, missile systems, and other electronics to extend the operational life of these vessels.



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