Parts of Aircraft and their Functions Fuselage, Wings, Empennage, Engine, Landing gear etc.,
The major components of an airplane are the fuselage, main wing, empennage, engines, and landing gear.

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The major components of an airplane are the fuselage, main wing, empennage, engines, and landing gear.

Fuselage:
contains the
• Cockpit
• Passenger, and
• Cargo compartments

Cockpit:
• Sometimes referred to as the Flight Deck
• where the pilots sit.

Wing:
• provides the majority of the lift an airplane requires for flight
• Often has integral fuel tanks within it to power the engines

Winglet:
• Additional component called a winglet, which is located at the end of each wing
• purpose is to reduce the drag (or air resistance

Aileron
• Rear of the wing, one on each side
• They work opposite to each other,
• when one is raised, the other is lowered.
• Role is to increase the lift on one wing while reducing the lift on the other.
• roll the aircraft sideways, causing the aircraft to turn.

Empennage:
Entire tail area of the airplane. Comprises of
• horizontal and vertical stabilizers
• Elevators and
• Rudders

Horizontal Stabilizer:
• designed to provide a downward force (push) on the tail.
• Keeps the airplane’s nose from moving up and down(pitch)
• The hinged part on the horizontal stabilizer is the elevator

Elevators:
• helps “elevate” the aircraft.
• It is located on the tail of the aircraft and
• directs the nose of the aircraft either upwards or downwards (pitch)
• make the airplane climb and descend

Vertical Stabilizer:
• The vertical stabilizer is designed to stabilize the leftright motion of the aircraft
• Helps prevent the sidetoside motion of the aircraft’s nose (yaw)

Rudder:
• Attached to the vertical stabilizer, located on the tail of the aircraft.
• Helps to steer the nose of the aircraft left and right

Engine:
• basic function of taking the air that’s in front of the aircraft, accelerating it and pushing out behind the aircraft.
• Creates thrust needed for the plane to fly
Jet powered aircraft perform this function by compressing the air using turbines
propellerpowered aircraft use a propeller mounted to the engine

Landing gear:
Located under the belly of the plane
Comprises of: wheels with tires attached to struts (to soften impact with the ground)

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