Propeller design is all about tradeoffs. The designer tries to create the most efficient propeller possible. The principle challenge to this is the direction of water velocity. Then the tradeoffs of propeller blade design are complex, with many choices along the way. To go from ideal to practical propellers, we need to understand the choices and tradeoffs.

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REFERENCES
[1] “Aerodynamics for Students: Analysis of Propellers: Glauert Blade Element Theory,” AMME, University of Sydney, 2006. [Online]. Available: http://wwwmdp.eng.cam.ac.uk/web/libr.... [Accessed 30 Sep. 2017].
[2] K. R, “CFD Analysis at Propeller Fan in ANSYS Workbench,” YouTube, [Online]. Available:    • Video  . [Accessed 2 Oct. 2017].
[3] Wikipedia, “Axial Fan Design,” Wikimedia Commons, 12 October 2014. [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axial_f.... [Accessed 29 September 2017].
[4] D. S. N. J. E. B. Tony Burton, Wind Energy Handbook, New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2001.
[5] The Hamburg Ship Model Basin, “Energy Saving Devices – Design and Optimization,” The Hamburg Ship Model Basin, 2017. [Online]. Available: https://www.hsva.de/ourservices/nume.... [Accessed 29 09 2017].


Credit for propeller animations:    • The Propeller Explained