In this presentation on "The Basics of Aortic Stenosis," Dr. Robert Optican from Duke University covers key aspects of aortic valve anatomy, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Aortic stenosis, the most common valvular heart disease in the developed world, is primarily agerelated, with risk factors such as hypertension and smoking. Dr. Optican explains the physiological progression of aortic stenosis, its symptoms, and the importance of early diagnosis. Treatment options include surgical interventions like balloon valvuloplasty, mechanical and bioprosthetic valve replacements, and the increasingly popular transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), which is less invasive and costeffective. The presentation emphasizes the need for tailored treatment based on individual patient factors, and Dr. Optican highlights the advantages and considerations for each approach.