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#anatomy #popliteal #femoral
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The popliteal artery is the continuation of femoral artery. It begins at the adductor hiatus, crosses the floor of popliteal fossa from the medial to lateral side to reach the lower border of the popliteus where it terminates by dividing into anterior and posterior tibial arteries.
Five genicular branches of the popliteal artery supply the capsule and ligaments of the knee joint.
Superior medial and superior lateral genicular arteries: They wind around the corresponding side of the femur immediately above the corresponding femoral condyles and take part in the formation of genicular anastomosis.
Inferior medial and inferior lateral genicular arteries: They wind around the corresponding tibial condyles and pass deep to the corresponding collateral ligaments of the knee joint to take part in the formation of genicular anastomosis.
Middle genicular artery: It pierces the oblique popliteal ligament of the knee to supply the cruciate ligaments and synovial membrane of the knee joint.
Apart from these genicular branches, from the popliteal artery arise The sural arteries ,two large branches, lateral and medial, which are distributed to the gastrocnemius, soleus, and plantaris muscles.