Ultrasound gender determination. How to identify?

How to measure genital tubercle?
Examine fetus in mid sagittal plane with in a natural position
(neither hyperflexed or hyperextended)
Measure the angle of the genital tubercle to a horizontal line through the lumbosacral skin surface
*Assign as male fetus if the angle is greater than 30°
*Assign as female fetus if genital tubercle is parallel or convergent ( less than 10°) to the horizontal line
*Assign as undetermined if the angle is intermediate (10–30°)

Female gender at 2nd trimester:
Transverse image just below the level of the bladder, best taken with the knees separated.
No penis is seen between the thighs, rather there are three lines representing the labia visible.
Midsagittal image of the lower abdomen to show the flat mons pubis caudal to the cord insertion.

Male gender at 2nd trimester:
Transverse image just below the level of the bladder, best taken with the knees separated, shows penis and scrotum between the thighs.
Testes are undescended at this gestation, and usually descend later in the third trimester.
Midsagittal image of the lower abdomen below the cord insertion demonstrates penis and scrotum caudally to the cord insertion.

#ultrasound #ultrasoundgender #obstetrics

References/ Articles for reading:
Efrat Z, Perri T, Ramati E, Tugendreich D, Meizner I. Fetal gender assignment by first trimester ultrasound. Ultrasound Obstet Gynaecol 2006; 27: 619–21.
https://obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com...

Bethune, M., Alibrahim, E., Davies, B. and Yong, E. (2013), A pictorial guide for the second trimester ultrasound. Australasian Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, 16: 98113.
https://obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com...