Content:
Introduction: 0:00
What is considered the PNS? 00:59
How to classify the PNS 02:05
Damage to Motor Neurons: 05:52
Spinal Nerve: 08:03
External Scheme of the Spinal Nerve: 08:50
Internal Scheme of Spinal Nerve: 13:05
Posterior Branch of Spinal Nerve: 16:25
Anterior Branch of Spinal Nerve: 17:55

Channel membership:    / @taimtalksmed  
Follow my IG:   / taimtalksmed  
Donation link: https://www.buymeacoffee.com/taimtalk...


What is the Peripheral Nervous System?
Cranial Nerves 12 nerve pairs
Spinal Nerves 31 nerve pairs

Classification of the PNS
Sensory System
○ Soamtic Sensory Fibers
○ Visceral Sensory Fibers
○ Exteroreceptors, Proprioreceptors, Periosteum
Motor System
○ Somatomotor System (Somatic system)
§ Voluntary control
○ Autonomic Nervous System / Visceromotor nervous system
§ Sympathetic Nervous System (C8L2 Lateral horn)
§ Parasympahetic Nervous System (S2S4 Lateral horn)
§ Enteric Nervous System (myenteric and submucosal plexuses in walls of digestive organs)

Clinical Significance
Lower Motor Neuron damage
○ Located in anterior horn of spinal cord and nuclei of cranial nerves
○ Damage to lower motor neurons:
○ Flaccid Paralysis
○ Hypotonia
○ Paresis/Plegia
○ Hyporeflexia / areflexia
Upper Motor Neuron damage
○ May rise after a stroke or a perinatal hypoxia
○ Spastic Paralysis
○ Paresis / Plegia
○ Hypertonia
○ Hyperreflexia
○ Babinski's sign

External Scheme of Spinal Nerve
Rootlets (fila radicularia)
○ Anterior root (radix anterior)
○ Posterior root (radic posterior)
§ Spinal Ganglion (ganglion sensorium nervi spinalis)
Trunk of Spinal Nerve (truncus nervi spinalis)
○ Posterior Branch (Ramus posterior)
○ Anterior Branch (ramus anterior)
○ Meningeal branch (ramus meningeus)
○ Ganglion of sympathetic trunk (ganglion trunci sympathici)
○ Gray ramus communicans
○ White ramus communicans (ramus communicans albus)

Internal Scheme of Spinal Nerve
Somatomotor fibers
Preganglionic sympathetic fibers (Visceromotor fibers)
Postganglionic Fibers
Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers
Somatosensory fibers
Viscerosensory fibers (baroreceptors, chemoreceptors, unspecific organ senstation)

Posterior Branch:
Suboccipital Nerve (nervus suboccipitalis) C1
Greater Occipital Nerve (nervus occipitalis major) C2
Occipital Nerve (nervus occipitalis tertius) C3
Superior Clunial Nerve (Nervi Clunium Superiores) L1L3
Middle Clunial Nerves (Nervi Clunium Medii) S1S3

Anterior Branch:
Cervical Plexus (Plexus cervicalis) C1C4
Brachial Plexus (Plexus brachialis) C4T1
Thoracic Nerves (Nervi thoracici) T1T12
Lumbar Plexus (Plexus Lumbalis) T12L4
Sacral Plexus (Plexus Sacralis) L4S4