On October 3, 1993, the streets of Mogadishu plunged into chaos as U.S. forces clashed in a deadly battle that would be remembered as the battle of mogadishu/ Black Hawk Down. The roots of the battle can be traced to Somalia's civil war, the fall of a dictatorship, and a humanitarian crisis that prompted international intervention.

The U.N. launched Operation Restore Hope to provide relief, but the U.S. attempt to capture warlord Mohamed Farah Aidid escalated into a deadly battle.

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Sources:

Martin Meredith State of Africa After Independence
Guy Arnold Africa A Modern History
https://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep19...
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontl...
https://www.blackpast.org/globalafri...
https://peacekeeping.un.org/mission/p...
https://www.waaytv.com/news/rememberi...
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontl...
https://responsiblestatecraft.org/bla...
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Batt...
https://www.thoughtco.com/battleofm...
https://www.bbc.com/news/av/magazine...
https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/02/op...
https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/... step by step account of the day
http://www.unairpower.net/chapter12...

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Videos:

   • President Clinton's Address to the Na...   ; Courtesy; William J. Clinton Presidential Library

   • President George H.W. Bush  Address ...  

   • "Black Hawk Down" mission in Somalia ...  

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Music:

Epidemic Sound